Resistors
in an Alternating Circuit
 |
| Set Up |
A resistor was hooked up to a function generator which was
producing a 200 Hz sinusoidal wave, and current meter in series. Attached to
the resistor was a voltage meter. In
order to calculate the theoretical Irms and Vrms, the Imax and Vmax were taken
from the LoggerPro graphs and divided by squrt(2). Using those values, percent
difference was calculated for the voltage and current. It can also be seen
that in the current vs potential graph that there is no phase change within the
voltage and the current with the linear relationship.
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| Poential vs Time |
 |
| Current vs Time |
 |
| Potential Vs Current |
 |
| Calculated and theoretical values |
Capacitors
in an Alternating Circuit
The same set up from the resistor was used expect now the resistor
has been replaced with a capacitor. In AC circuits, capacitors exhibit a
resistance which is given by Xc= 1/wC where w(omega)=2 pi f (frequency).
 |
| Set Up |
Data was gathered using logger pro and a Potential vs. Time,
Current vs. Time, and Potential vs. Current were generated. The Vmax and Imax
were taken from the graphs and used in order to find the Vrms and Irms. Using
the formula for reactance, the theoretical and experimental values were found
and the percent difference was calculated. It can also be seen from the
graph of current vs potential that the current and potential are out of phase approx.
90 degrees by the circular relationship.
 |
| Graphs |
 |
| Theoretical and Calculated values |
Inductors
in an Alternating Circuit
 |
| Set up W/O iron core |
The same set up was used, however, now the capacitor was replaced
with an inductor. Data was gathered using logger pro and a Potential vs. Time,
Current vs. Time, and Potential vs. Current were generated. Calculations of
Vrms, Irms, and Xl were made and the experimental resistance of the inductor
was calculated and the theoretical inductance was found with a volt meter (by
Professor Mason). The percent difference was found to be 98%.
It can also be seen by the potential vs current graph that the
current and voltage are out of phase approx. 90 degrees by the circular relationship. The circle isn’t perfectly round because of
there not being an iron core in the inductor and therefore reducing the value
of the inductance and reducing the lag of the voltage and current.
 |
| Graph w/o iron core |
 |
| Set up with iron core |
For the second part, an iron core was added to
the inductor and the same steps from part 1 were followed. In the end, a 41%
difference was calculated, a much lower percent difference than without the
iron core. This is due to the iron core increasing the inductance without
changing the resistance. The
circle is also more round due to the phase shift being closer to 90 degrees.
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| Graphs with iron core |
 |
| Work for iron core and w/o iron core |
RC in an Alternating Circut
A resistor and a capacitor were hooked up to a
function generator and a current meter and volt meter were connected to
LoggerPro. Data was gathered using logger pro and a Potential vs. Time, Current
vs. Time, and Potential vs. Current were generated. Using the graphs the Vmax
and Imax were found and the Vrms and Irms. The total resistance within the
circuit is the total impedance, or Z was found and so was the time phase change
based on the graphs. The percent difference was found for the impedance as well
as for the time phase change.
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